Wangka Wakaṉutja: The Story of the Papunya Literature Production Centre
The Papunya Literature Production Centre (PLPC) was the centre of community life at Papunya in the 1980s. Fuelled by youthful energy and guided by the community’s Elders – among them pioneers of the Western Desert Art movement – the centre produced more than 300 Pintupi-Luritja readers in a little over ten years. These illustrated books include stories of first contact, Dreaming, community life, plants, animals and more. Some are funny and wildly creative; others are moving and dramatic. All of them are undeniably extraordinary.
Wangka Wakaṉutja, Pintupi-Luritja for ‘the story has been told’, tells the remarkable story of the artists, writers and readers of the PLPC, tracing the books through creation, use, loss and rediscovery. This is the definitive story of a radical bilingual literature movement, powered by collective creativity and cultural pride.
Old stories and new stories. For people (Anangu) to gather stories, put them on tapes, we would translate them, all those old stories. Scary stories, hunting stories, stories about everything, we were collecting them, translating and recording them together alongside pictures. There were lots of us working at the literacy program, ladies and men some drawing and some collecting stories.
In the collection
About the authors
Vivien Johnson
Vivien Johnson is the book’s lead author, as signalled by her occasional use of the first person. Vivien’s connection to Papunya, its artists and art movement spans more than four decades and is explored in numerous books, articles, catalogues and exhibitions. Awarded a National Library Australian Literary Fellowship in 2019, her annotated catalogue of the 250 ‘Papunya readers’ in the Library’s collection provided the backbone of the book. Extensive new research on the Papunya authors and illustrators underpins her contribution.
Charlotte Phillipus
Charlotte Phillipus was a leading writer for the Papunya Literature Production Centre, authoring or co-authoring 56 books in over a decade of involvement. She is a retired teacher, community linguist, renowned artist and community leader and authority on the Pintupi-Luritja language. She edited the Hansens’ 2022 encyclopaedic dictionary and contributed entries and text. Charlotte has guided Vivien and Samantha in all stages of the project and overseen research and development of this book. She led community liaison, collaborated to gather oral histories locally and contributed her own story to this book.
Samantha Disbray
Samantha Disbray is a non-Indigenous academic and community linguist, who supports and researches Indigenous languages in education and the arts. As lead author of Chapter 4, she drew on her experiences as a teacher-linguist for the Northern Territory Education Department and her research on the Northern Territory Bilingual Education program and contributed research including oral history interviews to further chapters.
Pronouncing Pintupi-Luritja words
The best way to learn how to pronounce words is to hear them. These example words give you the sounds of different consonants and vowels. These words were spoken by Karen McDonald and recorded by Samantha Disbray.
Consanonts
Letter: p
Word: papa [dog]
Sounds like: p or b
Letter: t
Word: tali [sand dune]
Sounds like: t or d
Letter: ṯ
Word: tjuta [some, many]
Sounds like: t with tongue tip higher in the mouth
Letter: tj
Word: tjaa [mouth]
Sounds like: church or job
Letter: k
Word: kata [head]
Sounds like: k or g
Letter: l
Word: lungkata [goanna]
Sounds like: lit
Letter: ḻ
Word: wilu [curlew]
Sounds like: l with tongue tip higher in the mouth
Letter: ly
Word: palya [good, well]
Sounds like: million
Letter: m
Word: maku [grub]
Sounds like: me
Letter: n
Word: nyuntu [you]
Sounds like: nap
Letter: ṉ
Word: tiina [big]
Sounds like: n with tongue tip higher in the mouth
Letter: ny
Word: wanyu [wait]
Sounds like: onion
Letter: ng
Word: ngananya [who]
Sounds like: sing
Letter: w
Word: waru [fire]
Sounds like: will
Letter: rr
Word: warru [wallaby]
Sounds like: like r in Scottish English
Letter: r
Word: rumiya [goanna]
Sounds like: run
Letter: Y
Word: yaka [oh!]
Sounds like: you
Vowels
Letter: a
Word: ama [breast]
Sounds like: father
Letter: aa
Word: nyaaku [why]
Sounds like: a held longer
Letter: i
Word: pina [ear]
Sounds like: lit
Letter: u
Word: munga [night]
Sounds like: put