From January 1788, when the First Fleet of convicts arrived at Botany Bay, to the end of convict transportation 80 years later, over 160,000 convicts were transported to Australia.

Around 4,000 books and serials on theosophy, Indian philosophy, comparative religion and related topics.

The Library will supply a digital surrogate in place of the original physical item where possible within copyright and other rights obligations.

The National Library is a reference library - you can use collection items in our reading rooms but you can't take them home.

Special collections material may have restrictions around use.

Copyright law applies to Indigenous works in the same way as it applies to other works, however there may be additional legal and cultural issues.

The Library will supply a digital surrogate in place of the original physical item where possible within copyright and other rights obligations.

This Discovery Video unravels the often tricky world of copyright and exceptions that cover educational and research use.

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